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Coordinates: 56°01'00?N 4°43'00?W? / ?56.016667, -4.733333
Helensburgh (Baile Eilidh in Gaelic) is a burgh in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It lies on the north shore of the Firth of Clyde and the eastern shore of the entrance to the Gare Loch.
Helensburgh was formerly in Dumbarton District, but was re-allocated under local government reorganisation in 1995. Prior to 1975 it was part of the former Dunbartonshire.
[edit] History
Helensburgh was founded in 1776 when Sir Ian Colquhoun of Luss built spa baths on the site of Ardencaple Castle, which dated back to about 1600. He then had the seaside resort town constructed to the east of the spa on a formal layout in the style of Edinburgh New Town, and named it after his wife Helen. A ferry service he arranged across the Firth of Clyde to Greenock was successful in attracting residents who could commute from jobs there to attractive homes in the new town.[1]
In 1808 Henry Bell bought the public baths and hotel, which his wife superintended while he continued his interest in early steamboats such as the nearby Charlotte Dundas and the North River Steamboat which Robert Fulton had just introduced at New York City. To improve hotel trade he had the paddle steamer Comet constructed and in 1812 introduced Europe's first successful steamboat service, bringing passengers down the River Clyde from Glasgow to Greenock and Helensburgh. The Clyde steamer trade developed rapidly, and Helensburgh pier and Craigendoran pier at the east end of the town both became major departure points. From 1858 holidaymakers were brought to the resort and the steamers by the Glasgow, Dumbarton and Helensburgh railway terminus built in the centre of the town, and in 1894 a second railway station was opened higher up the hill on the West Highland Railway to Fort William.[1]
Helensburgh born coal miner Charles Harper emigrated to New South Wales (now a state of Australia) and became the first manager of the Metropolitan Coal Company before being killed in a mine accident in 1887. In that year the company took over the mining lease on an area south of Sydney known as Camp Creek. When the coal mine opened the following year, the town was named Helensburgh, possibly named after his birthplace or after his daughter Helen. The two Helensburghs are now sister cities.[2]
In 1903, Charles Rennie Mackintosh built the Hill House for the publishing tycoon Walter Blackie. The house, on the north edge of town, is one of the best examples of his style, with startlingly modern interiors incorporating furniture which he designed. It is now owned by the National Trust for Scotland and is a popular tourist attraction.
The town is also notable as the birthplace of John Logie Baird the inventor of television, Deborah Kerr and Jack Buchanan.
The baronetcy of Helensburgh
The Raeburn Baronetcy, of Helensburgh in the County of Dunbarton, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 25 July 1923 for William Raeburn. He was head of the firm of Raeburn & Verel, Ltd, (a shipping company) and also represented Dunbartonshire in the House of Commons as a Unionist. The fourth Baronet does not use his title.
Sir Digby Raeburn (1915-2001), son of Sir Ernest Raeburn (1878-1922), second son of the first Baronet, was a Major-General in the Scots Guards and Governor of the Tower of London.
The list of past and present baronets is as follows:
- Sir William Hannay Raeburn, 1st Baronet (1850-1934)
- Sir William Norman Raeburn, 2nd Baronet (1877-1947)
- Sir Edward Alfred Raeburn, 3rd Baronet (1919-1977)
- (Sir) Michael Edward Norman Raeburn, 4th Baronet (b. 1954)
- (heir) Christopher Edward Alfred Raeburn (b. 1981)
[edit] The town today
Helensburgh's "Rhu Road", looking west towards Rhu, Rosneath and the Gare Loch.
Helensburgh today acts as a commuter town for nearby Glasgow, with a population at the 2001 census of 14,626, and also serves as a main shopping centre for the area and for tourists attracted to the seaside resort. Helensburgh is also influenced by the presence of the Clyde Naval Base at Faslane on the Gare Loch. Helensburgh is also a popular destination for day trippers.
The town is served by three railway stations, Helensburgh Upper on the West Highland Line, Craigendoran, on the North Clyde Line and Helensburgh Central, the terminus of the North Clyde Line.
The seafront has an indoor swimming pool, an esplanade walk and sailing facilities including Helensburgh Sailing Club.[3] and the nearby marina at Rhu just beyond the town boundary. The streets are built on a gentle slope rising to the north east, and at the brow of the hill a golf club has views looking south out over the town to the Clyde, and to the north across nearby Loch Lomond to the Trossachs hills.[4]
A regular passenger ferry service runs from Helensburgh pier to Kilcreggan and Gourock, usually on the historic ferry Kenilworth; Craigendoran pier fell into disuse in the late 20th Century. The paddle steamer Waverley calls in to Helensburgh pier during summer sailings.
House prices are among the highest prices in Scotland.
The town is used extensively for the local Naval Base, Faslane which is the site that houses the British Nuclear deterrent fleet of Vanguard class submarines. The base is only six miles away from the town.
A significant amount of income for the town is generated from the base and its based ships and visiting ships alike. However it is seen to be a pastime of local residents to boycott the Nuclear Deterrent, the Vanguard and Swiftsure class submarines and their use of Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear reactors.
[edit] References
- , a b Helensburgh Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland.
- , Wollongong City Library: Helensburgh - History
- , Helensburgh Sailing Club
- , Helensburgh Golf Club
[edit] External links
(Source: Wikipedia) |